Basic Phrases (and Responses)
Hello. 你好 Nǐ hăo.
How are you? [Good./Okay.] Nǐ hăo ma? [Wŏ hěn hăo./Hái kě yĭ.] 你好吗? [我很好。/还可以。]
Bye! Zài jiàn! 再见!
Thank you [You're welcome] xiè xie [bú kè qi] 谢谢 [不客气]
Excuse me (sorry) [No Problem] duì bu qǐ [méi guān xi] 对不起 [没关系]
Excuse me (I have a question) qĭng wèn 请问
Where's the toilet? Cè suŏ zài nǎ li? 厕所在哪里?
How much? (money) Duō shao qián? 多少钱?
This zhèi ge 这个
That nèi ge 那个
Shall we go?/Let's go. Zŏu ba? 走吧？
I don't understand (what you said) Wŏ tīng bu dŏng. 我听不懂。
Can you speak English? Nĭ huì jiăng Yīng wén ma? 你会讲英文吗？
Please give me a pair of chopsticks. Qĭng gěi wŏ yì shuāng kuài zi. 请给我一双筷子。
Please give me two bottles of beer. Qĭng gěi wŏ liăng píng pí jiǔ. 请给我两瓶啤酒。
Basic Generic Responses
I don't want it (this, that, these, those) bú yào 不要
Yes/I agree/I heard you èn (pronounced "uh or uhn", 4th tone) 嗯
Numbers
There are two forms of the number "two" (2) in Mandarin. The first one, èr (二), is used when reciting telephone numbers, counting from 1 to 10, and for the tens and digits places in large numbers like "two thousand two hundred twenty two". The other form, liăng (两), is used when counting anything (2 minutes, 2 yuan, 2 bottles of beer, 2 people), as well as the hundreds and greater places in large numbers in colloquial speech. 0 líng 〇 or 零
1 yī 一
2 (number) èr 二
2 (things) liăng 两
3 sān 三
4 sì 四
5 wŭ 五
6 liù 六
7 qī 七
8 bā 八
9 jiǔ 九
10 shí 十
11 shí yī 十一
12 shí èr 十二
13 shí sān 十三
27 èr shí qī 二十七
100 yì băi 一百
101 yì băi líng yī 一百零一
110 yì băi yī shí 一百一十
114 yì băi yī shí sì 一百一十四
1000 yì qiān 一千
2222 liăng qiān liăng băi èr shí èr 两千两百二十二
Internet
Internet Cafe wăng bā 网吧
Time
Now xiàn zài 现在
Today jīn tiān 今天
2:34 pm xìa wŭ liăng diăn sān shí sì 下午两点三十四
11:00 am shàng wŭ shí yī diăn zhōng 上午十一点钟
Tomorrow míng tiān 明天
Yesterday zuó tiān 昨天
Day after tomorrow hòu tiān 后天
Day before yesterday qián tiān 前天
3 days later (3 days from now) sān tiān yĭ hòu 三天以后
2 months before (2 months ago) liăng ge yuè yĭ qián 两个月以前
December shí èr yuè 十二月
November 28 shí yī yuè èr shí bā 十一月二十八
November 28 (generally when written) shí yī yuè èr shí bā rì 11月28日
November 28 (optionally when spoken) shí yī yuè èr shí bā hào 十一月二十八号
Money
How much is this? zhèi ge duō shao qián? 这个多少钱?
Cheapest (literally: most cheap) zuì pián yi de 最便宜的
Get money (out of a bank account/using credit card) qŭ qián 取钱
Toilets
Men/Women nán/nǚ 男/女
Toilet Paper wèi shēng zhĭ 卫生纸
Transportation
I want to go to Kunming. Wŏ yào qù Kūn míng. 我要去昆明。
Train station huŏ chē zhàn 火车站
Hard seat (train) yìng zuò 硬座
Soft seat (train) ruăn zuò 软座
Hard sleeper (train) yìng wò 硬卧
Soft sleeper (train) ruăn wò 软卧
Public Bus gōng gòng qì chē公共汽车
Taxi chū zū chē 出租车
Accommodation
Hotel fàn diàn/jiǔ diàn/bīn guăn 饭店/酒店/宾馆
Single Room dān rén fáng 单人房
Double Room shuāng rén fáng 双人房
Departures
Take care. Bǎo zhòng. 保重。
Safe Trip. Yí lù píng ān. 一路平安。
You May Hear
Welcome! Huān yíng guāng lín! 欢迎光临！
Is the food okay? [Yes/No] Hăochī ma? [hăo chī/bù hăo chī] 好吃吗？[好吃/不好吃]
Do you understand? (meaning) [Yes/No] Míng bai ma? [míng bai/bù míng bai] 明白吗? [明白/不明白]
Do you understand? (listening) [Yes/No] Tīng de dŏng ma? [tīng de dŏng/tīng bu dŏng] 听得懂吗? [听得懂/听不懂]
Foreigner lăo wài 老外
Good friend hăo péng you 好朋友
Smoke? [Thanks/I don't smoke] Xī yān ma? [Xiè xie./Wŏ bù xī yān.] 吸烟吗? [谢谢/我不吸烟]
You May See
Entrance rù kŏu 入口
Exit chū kŏu 出口
Car (on a train) chē 车
Center (as in Shopping Center) zhōng xīn 中心
China Zhōng guó 中国
Road lù 路
Street jiē 街
2011年10月10日星期一
How to Display Chinese Characters
For Windows XP users:
1. Open your Control Panel, select “Regional and Language Options”. Go to the “Languages” tab; under “Supplemental Language Support”, select “Install Files for Asian Languages,” Then “OK”, “OK”. Wait for the files to install, then restart your computer.
2. Return to “Regional and Language Options” and the “Languages” tab. Under “Text Services & Input Languages”, “Installed Services”, select Add.
In “Add Input Language” dialog, choose “Input Language”, “Chinese, PRC,” “OK”.
For Windows 2000 users:
1. Open Windows Start menu > Settings > Control Panel.
2. Select the Regional Options icon.
3. On the General tab under “Language settings for the system,” click Simplified Chinese, and then click Add (if there is such a button). When you click OK, your computer may demand the Windows 2000 or Office 2000 CD-ROM so that it can copy font files to your hard disk.
4. Click “Input Locales.” Click the “Add” button and, under “Input Locale,” choose “Chinese (PRC).”
5. Under “Keyboard Layout” choose “MS Pinyin”. In the lower part of the dialog, you can set “Switch between Input Locales” to either control-shift or alt-shift. “Switch to English” can be left at “none,”.
6. Be sure to choose the “Enable indicator on taskbar” box.
For Mac users:
1. Open ‘System Preferences’>’International’>’Input Menu’
2. Turn on ‘Simplified Chinese’ and/or ‘Traditional Chinese.’
3. Make sure ‘Show Input Menu in Menu Bar’ is checked.
4. Close the ‘System Preference’ window.
5. Go to the ‘Input Menu’ (if you are using a US system, it should be a US flag icon) and select Simplified Chinese and/or Traditional Chinese.
6. Click on the ‘Input Menu’ again, you should see a list of 8 input methods at the bottom half of the pull down menu. You should choose Pinyin unless you are more comfortable with another system.
PDFs - If you can not see the Chinese characters in your PDF Lesson Plan file, your adobe acrobat reader should automatically detect that you need to download Chinese scripts. First wait a moment for the program to detect this.
FireFox Version 2 and above
Try this first -
View > Character Encoding > Auto-Detect > Chinese
View > Character Encoding > More Encodings > East Asian >
Choose one or all of these:
Chinese Simplified - GB2312, GBK, GB18030, HZ, ISO-2022-CN
Chinese Traditional - Big5, Big5-HKSCS, EUC-TW
Internet Explorer Version 7 and above
Right Click > Encoding or go to
View > Encoding > Auto-Select (for the best solution) if not then
Chinese Simplified (HZ)
Unicode (UTF-8)
View > Encoding > More >
Chinese Simplified (GB18030)
Chinese Simplified (GB2312)
Chinese Traditional (Big5)
Konqueror Version 3.1.2
View > Set Encoding >
Choose: for
Simplified Chinese one or all of these - GBK, GB18030, HZ-GB2312
Traditional Chinese one or all of these - Big5, utf8 (Unicode)
Netscape
Opera Version 8 and above
View > Encoding > Chinese > Automatic detection or
Choose for:
Traditional Chinese one or all of these - Big5, Big5-HKSCS , EUC-TW
Simplified Chinese one or all of these - GBK/GB2312, GB18030, HZ-GB2312, ISO-2022-CN
After all this and you still can not see Chinese then you might need to up-grade to the latest Browsers, install some Chinese Fonts or install the supporting Language Packs into your operating system.
Please Note:
The three most common encoding's for viewing Chinese characters are Big5, GB2312 and UTF-8 (try these 3 first). If the Chinese characters aren't displayed the way they should (if some characters have "?" or "#" or other symbols), then try adding more encoding's. GB is the most popular encoding for Simplified Chinese Characters with the Big5 encoding most popular for Traditional Chinese Characters.
1. Open your Control Panel, select “Regional and Language Options”. Go to the “Languages” tab; under “Supplemental Language Support”, select “Install Files for Asian Languages,” Then “OK”, “OK”. Wait for the files to install, then restart your computer.
2. Return to “Regional and Language Options” and the “Languages” tab. Under “Text Services & Input Languages”, “Installed Services”, select Add.
In “Add Input Language” dialog, choose “Input Language”, “Chinese, PRC,” “OK”.
For Windows 2000 users:
1. Open Windows Start menu > Settings > Control Panel.
2. Select the Regional Options icon.
3. On the General tab under “Language settings for the system,” click Simplified Chinese, and then click Add (if there is such a button). When you click OK, your computer may demand the Windows 2000 or Office 2000 CD-ROM so that it can copy font files to your hard disk.
4. Click “Input Locales.” Click the “Add” button and, under “Input Locale,” choose “Chinese (PRC).”
5. Under “Keyboard Layout” choose “MS Pinyin”. In the lower part of the dialog, you can set “Switch between Input Locales” to either control-shift or alt-shift. “Switch to English” can be left at “none,”.
6. Be sure to choose the “Enable indicator on taskbar” box.
For Mac users:
1. Open ‘System Preferences’>’International’>’Input Menu’
2. Turn on ‘Simplified Chinese’ and/or ‘Traditional Chinese.’
3. Make sure ‘Show Input Menu in Menu Bar’ is checked.
4. Close the ‘System Preference’ window.
5. Go to the ‘Input Menu’ (if you are using a US system, it should be a US flag icon) and select Simplified Chinese and/or Traditional Chinese.
6. Click on the ‘Input Menu’ again, you should see a list of 8 input methods at the bottom half of the pull down menu. You should choose Pinyin unless you are more comfortable with another system.
PDFs - If you can not see the Chinese characters in your PDF Lesson Plan file, your adobe acrobat reader should automatically detect that you need to download Chinese scripts. First wait a moment for the program to detect this.
FireFox Version 2 and above
Try this first -
View > Character Encoding > Auto-Detect > Chinese
View > Character Encoding > More Encodings > East Asian >
Choose one or all of these:
Chinese Simplified - GB2312, GBK, GB18030, HZ, ISO-2022-CN
Chinese Traditional - Big5, Big5-HKSCS, EUC-TW
Internet Explorer Version 7 and above
Right Click > Encoding or go to
View > Encoding > Auto-Select (for the best solution) if not then
Chinese Simplified (HZ)
Unicode (UTF-8)
View > Encoding > More >
Chinese Simplified (GB18030)
Chinese Simplified (GB2312)
Chinese Traditional (Big5)
Konqueror Version 3.1.2
View > Set Encoding >
Choose: for
Simplified Chinese one or all of these - GBK, GB18030, HZ-GB2312
Traditional Chinese one or all of these - Big5, utf8 (Unicode)
Netscape
Opera Version 8 and above
View > Encoding > Chinese > Automatic detection or
Choose for:
Traditional Chinese one or all of these - Big5, Big5-HKSCS , EUC-TW
Simplified Chinese one or all of these - GBK/GB2312, GB18030, HZ-GB2312, ISO-2022-CN
After all this and you still can not see Chinese then you might need to up-grade to the latest Browsers, install some Chinese Fonts or install the supporting Language Packs into your operating system.
Please Note:
The three most common encoding's for viewing Chinese characters are Big5, GB2312 and UTF-8 (try these 3 first). If the Chinese characters aren't displayed the way they should (if some characters have "?" or "#" or other symbols), then try adding more encoding's. GB is the most popular encoding for Simplified Chinese Characters with the Big5 encoding most popular for Traditional Chinese Characters.
How to Memorize Foreign Language Vocabulary
Step 1
Make a two-column list of new words for each new lesson.
Step 2
Include words that aren't in the textbook lesson: words you may pick up from your teacher or from native
speakers.
Step 3
Study vocabulary by covering one column as you move down the other.
Step 4
Cover the other column and go through the list again. Repeat.
Step 5
Review older vocabulary every few days.
Step 6
Review again and often! Without review, your newly acquired vocab will fast become your newly forgotten vocab and, later, your long-forgotten vocab.
Step 7
Integrate review into your daily routine so that it no longer seems like a burden.
Step 8
Find a native speaker to talk with or, better yet, visit a place where the language is spoken. Vocabulary won't truly stick until you're forced to speak the language a lot.
Make a two-column list of new words for each new lesson.
Step 2
Include words that aren't in the textbook lesson: words you may pick up from your teacher or from native
speakers.
Step 3
Study vocabulary by covering one column as you move down the other.
Step 4
Cover the other column and go through the list again. Repeat.
Step 5
Review older vocabulary every few days.
Step 6
Review again and often! Without review, your newly acquired vocab will fast become your newly forgotten vocab and, later, your long-forgotten vocab.
Step 7
Integrate review into your daily routine so that it no longer seems like a burden.
Step 8
Find a native speaker to talk with or, better yet, visit a place where the language is spoken. Vocabulary won't truly stick until you're forced to speak the language a lot.
How to type pinyin (pīnyīn) with tone markings
I want to share with you an article I found in the internet, hope it will helps:
There is apparently a tool called Wenlin that let’s you type pinyin with tone markings (for example, hǎo 好).
Copy and Paste
The easiest way I’ve found to do it (in small doses) is to copy and paste. I personally have a Word document call “pinyin tones” and that’s all that’s in it. āáǎà ēéěè īíǐì ōóǒò ūúǔù ǖǘǚǜü
Type Pinyin Otherwise, if you have to do a whole lot of typing pinyin I suggest using a tool at http://www.xuezhongwen.net/. After you get past the splash screen, click on “拼音 Type Pīnyīn” in the menu inside the left side-bar. You type “hao3″ and you get “hǎo.” Very cool.
Web Site Encoding
If you want to put pinyin on a website, and you want to be able to tweak the settings, use this tool by Mark Swofford. It will take “hao3″ and convert it to “hǎo”. The only bad thing about it is it doesn’t remember your line breaks–but I’ve learned to cope.
There is apparently a tool called Wenlin that let’s you type pinyin with tone markings (for example, hǎo 好).
Copy and Paste
The easiest way I’ve found to do it (in small doses) is to copy and paste. I personally have a Word document call “pinyin tones” and that’s all that’s in it. āáǎà ēéěè īíǐì ōóǒò ūúǔù ǖǘǚǜü
Type Pinyin Otherwise, if you have to do a whole lot of typing pinyin I suggest using a tool at http://www.xuezhongwen.net/. After you get past the splash screen, click on “拼音 Type Pīnyīn” in the menu inside the left side-bar. You type “hao3″ and you get “hǎo.” Very cool.
Web Site Encoding
If you want to put pinyin on a website, and you want to be able to tweak the settings, use this tool by Mark Swofford. It will take “hao3″ and convert it to “hǎo”. The only bad thing about it is it doesn’t remember your line breaks–but I’ve learned to cope.
Where do the tone marks go?
Tone marks in Hanyu Pinyin always go over vowels, not consonants. But even those familiar with Hanyu Pinyin are often uncertain about which in a string of vowels takes the tone mark. If, for example, you are given "huai4" -- is it hùai, huài, or huaì? (Answer: the second choice.)
Fortunately there are no ambiguities to worry about, even where there are several vowels in a row. Various complicated rules explain the placement. Fortunately, in application they boil down to a few very simple guidelines:
Note: Early versions of Hanyu Pinyin also used ê. But since it never was combined with other vowels it is not included here. (It has since been supplanted by ei.)
Fortunately there are no ambiguities to worry about, even where there are several vowels in a row. Various complicated rules explain the placement. Fortunately, in application they boil down to a few very simple guidelines:
- a and e trump all other vowels and always take the tone mark. There are no Mandarin syllables in Hanyu Pinyin that contain both a and e.
- In the combination ou, o takes the mark.
- In all other cases, the final vowel takes the mark.
Note: Early versions of Hanyu Pinyin also used ê. But since it never was combined with other vowels it is not included here. (It has since been supplanted by ei.)
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