Chinese pronunciation is made up of four tones, each indicated by a tone mark. The tone marks are placed over the vowels. (for example, if the letter “i” has a tone mark over it, the dot is removed.”
First Tone: a high, level tone represented by “-“ as in mā 妈 “mother”
Second Tone: a rising, questioning tone represented by “/” as in má 麻 “to have pins and needles”
Third Tone: a drawling tone falling then rising represented by “v” as in mǎ 马 “horse”
Fourth Tone: a sharp falling tone represented by “” as in mà 骂 “to scold”
It is important to get the tones right so as to avoid misunderstanding. For example buy and sell are differentiated by the 3 and 4th tones respectively - mai3 and mai4
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